BEINSMARTSIDE UK Coastal time bomb could wipe out 800,000 years of history in Norfolk

Coastal time bomb could wipe out 800,000 years of history in Norfolk

Coastal time bomb could wipe out 800,000 years of history in Norfolk post thumbnail image
Eroded cliffs near Happisburgh, U.K., on Tuesday, Aug. 3, 2021. The U.K. economy could face hits of more than 12 billion pounds ($15.4 billion) a year by 2050 from coastal damages alone if no action is taken to combat climate change, according to the WWF. Photographer: Jason Alden/Bloomberg via Getty Images
The popular seaside town is under threat (Picture: Bloomberg via Getty Images)

An 800,000 year old beach on the coast of Norfolk is at risk of vanishing into the sea amid accelerating coastal erosion.

Experts are predicting that Happisburgh – where around 1,400 people live – could be gone completely by 2050.

The popular seaside village has already lost over 250m of coastline since the 1990s.

Dr Ian Richards, a climate analyst and expert in UK coastal erosion, said the coastal erosion is already destroying the lives of some locals.

Happisburgh UK seaside town beloved by British holidaymakers may vanish entirely by 2050
Happisburgh has erosion-prone boulder clay cliffs

He added: ‘What is happening in places like Happisburgh is not just a prediction – it is a process that is already underway.

‘Homes have collapsed, roads have disappeared and the cliff line is retreating faster than anyone expected.’

The reason for the hasty coastal retreat is because the cliffs are made of boulder clay, which erodes very easily.

Norfolk sees erosion as high as 13 feet each year on some beach fronts, which has left more than 200 villages and towns in east England at risk.

Dr Richards explained: ‘Sea defences were built decades ago for a very different climate.

A residential property close to an eroded cliff edge in Happisburgh, UK, on Friday, June 28, 2024. The UK has failed to prioritize climate adaptation to risks such as??floods??and??heat waves, putting British citizens and critical infrastructure in danger,??an official assessment has found.??Photographer: Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg via Getty Images
A residential property close to an eroded cliff edge in Happisburgh last year (Picture: Bloomberg via Getty Images)

‘Now, they are no match for the pressure we’re seeing year after year. And places like Happisburgh are part of our cultural heritage.

‘We should visit, support the community, and learn from it – because once it’s gone, it’s gone.’

Happisburgh became a site of national archaeological importance when flint tools from 800,000 years ago were discovered there in 2010.

Two years later, early human footprints were uncovered on the beach.

They were at the time the earliest evidence of human footprints outside of Africa.

Now Happisburgh boasts a miles long coast which is popular with tourists, as well as the oldest working light on the Norfolk Coast.

HAPPISBURGH, ENGLAND - JANUARY 27: A recent landslip on the cliff edge and beach in the village of Happisburgh on January 27, 2021 in Happisburgh, England. Erosion of the Norfolk sandy cliffs and sand dunes has caused many buildings and farmland to be lost to the sea. The effects of global climate change causing storms and sea swells has seen the East Coast of the United Kingdom lose up to one metre of coast line each year. (Photo by Christopher Furlong/Getty Images)
A landslip on the cliff edge at Happisburgh (Photo by Christopher Furlong/Getty Images)

Despite the coastal erosion, many are still optimistic about the beaches future.

Maria Jennings, a local B&B owner, says: ‘We know the risks, but we also know the beauty. People come here to relax, enjoy the beach and walk the coast.’

While one tourist, Emma Cartwright, 41 from Birmingham, said: ‘We come every summer. It’s beautiful and quiet – like stepping back in time.

‘You’re aware of the erosion but that makes you appreciate it more. We treat every trip like it might be the last.’

A number of coastlines in the UK are being battered by coastal erosion.

The Holderness Coastline, also made of boulder clay, is one of Europe’s fastest eroding coastlines.

It loses ground at a rate of around six feet per year.

While many cliffs in the UK are made of boulder clay, others are composed of less risky chalk, such as the Seven Sisters cliffs in Suffolk, as well as limestone, or sandstone.

Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at webnews@metro.co.uk.

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